Tuesday, November 11, 2008

HAPPY (?) DAYS AREN’T HERE AGAIN

11/11/08

One of the lead stories on the CBS radio business news this morning was that Citicorp will be modifying terms on 130,000 mortgage loans (with a potential value of $20 billion) for customers who are current on their payments but are facing financial difficulties. This is probably a salubrious development, but its overall beneficence is a matter, as these things should be, between Citicorp and its customers. However, it was the news report’s referring to the housing crisis, which this move by Citi is designed to partially address, as being the “root cause” of our current financial difficulties that prompted me to repeat what I have said ad nauseam in the past: despite what the “experts” are assuring us, the housing crisis is not the “root cause” of our current financial difficulties.

Though it lies pretty far down the trunk, housing is not the root cause of our financial difficulties. The root of our financial difficulties is too much spending and too much borrowing by individuals, governments, and, to a lesser extent, by businesses. We have been living way beyond our means, and have thus been enjoying a Potemkin prosperity, for at least the last ten years. The housing bubble, the bursting of which has been one of the most salient manifestations of our current financial difficulties, was both a symptom of excessive borrowing and spending and a means of facilitating further excessive borrowing and spending.

Given that our problem lies not in housing, but in gormless management of our personal, business, and societal finances, we can pursue, or, more properly, could have pursued, one of two courses. First, we could go through a long period of deleveraging, in which we pay down our debts, get our balance sheets (and income statements) in order, and learn to live within our means and save money. This sounds a lot easier than it would have been; given the hole we have dug and the sense of entitlement we have developed as a people, such a deleveraging would have been long, difficult, and excruciating. Doing so, if we ever summon the requisite courage, or are simply forced by an utter lack of alternatives, will be necessary if we are to survive as a people, and we will emerge a much stronger economy and a much more formidable people should we ever pursue this course of actions.

Second, we could pursue a hodgepodge of macroeconomic policies designed to avoid the aforementioned painful deleveraging. Given the utter inability of the American people to withstand pain and the short and completely self-interested time tables of our political leaders, this is the course we have chosen. The problem is that such a course of action is the financial equivalent of hair of the dog. These policies, be they financial bailouts, low interest rates, encouraging (forcing, really) banks to dilute credit standards, “stimulus” programs, forced mortgage renegotiations, etc., are nonsensically designed to combat a problem that has as its genesis too much spending and borrowing by encouraging (and indeed necessitating on the government’s part) more spending and borrowing. Like the aforementioned morning belt of Jack Daniels, they might feel quite efficacious for a few hours, but eventually 11:00AM is going to roll around and we will be in far worse shape than we would have been had we downed a quart of orange juice, a quart of water, and a handful of vitamins at 6:00 AM or, better yet, stayed home and drank iced tea the night before.

Given that we have pursued the latter course, and given the political and financial leadership’s glaring misdiagnosis of our economic difficulties, it is awfully difficult to be sanguine about the economy at this stage. We might get a temporary break, much like the several we experienced in the ‘30s, but we won’t get out of this until we bite the bullet. Hopefully, unlike the ‘40s, the phrase “bite the bullet” will remain figurative in this case.

As far as the markets go, with the S&P down some 42% from its high, it is foolish, if not mathematically impossible, to be as bearish on the market as I was when the market was at its October, 2007 peak and as I have been all the way down. However, it is nearly as hard to be even the slightest bit bullish. While, as with the economy, we might see an ephemeral pop now and then, I see more trouble on the way and more, albeit of necessity fewer, opportunities for bears, even permabears, to make some money on the short side.

Tuesday, November 4, 2008

“IT’S OVER, IT’S OVER…”

11/4/08

I write this after the 10:00 (CST) declaration by all the major networks and news services that Barack Obama has won the election and before President-elect Obama’s speeches. I’m not much for speeches; pap and pabulum do little for me and even the best political speech is little more than an agglomeration of platitudes and other cotton candy for the mind, so I have chosen to write a few thoughts while anticipating, and listening to, President-elect Obama’s speech.

Mr. Obama’s election is, in many ways, a propitious development for our country. The most obvious reason is that his election shows that we have moved even further along the path away from the racism and bi-nationalism that characterized much of our history. As has been said ad nauseam by the talking heads, young people have no idea how much this election means because they have no idea how preposterous the idea of a Black president sounded not all that many years ago. But even if Mr. Obama were not born of a White mother and a Black father, his election would be a wondrous event. President-elect Obama embodies what America is, or was, all about: he is a guy who came from nothing, a product of a broken home, who worked hard, studied hard, and accomplished great things for himself and for his family and hopefully will do even more remarkable things for the country that has been so good to him. He is one of those great American stories that comprise our history and our very meaning as a nation. He is a role model for all young Americans, a family man, a good man, a decent and honorable man.

Will Obama lead us on some sort of dangerous path to statism and reckless social experimentation, as some of my conservative friends seem to think? Not if he is smart and ambitious, and Mr. Obama is both in abundance. It’s hard to believe that the overwhelmingly centrist American electorate will stand for some sort of radical agenda, so, even with overwhelming majorities in the House and the Senate, it is very doubtful that the very bright Mr. Obama will embark on some quixotic, misguided statist agenda.

On the other hand, a look at the electoral map does not contribute to such a sanguine view of the future of the country, or certainly for the Republican Party and, by extension, our nation. The red states very much resemble the old confederacy, with an extension into the west. It would be a stretch to say that the implications are obvious, but, by its firm embrace of Sarah Palin and her seeming quest to return us to what she doubtless considers the halcyon days of the Know Nothing Party, the core of the GOP seems to be confirming its comfort with its baser instincts and elements. Clearly, large numbers of Republicans rejected the inclinations of what has become the GOP base. So it looks like the GOP is headed toward schism, a reexamination of its mission, or both. Some of us are hoping that a few years out of power will chasten and purify the Party and return it to its roots. But I’m not sure at times what those roots are. I used to think that the GOP stood for, to put it very simply, free markets and free men, but, after eight years of Bushism, the McCain campaign, and the ghastly Sarah Palin flier, one has to wonder if that assumption was ever true. The GOP got a well deserved spanking (body slamming and atomic dropping, really) tonight. What it learns from this spanking could be salutary if the Party returns to sanity or disastrous if it only leads to a round of witch-hunting and reaffirmation of its baser instincts characterized by a growing certainty that those who don’t agree with its lunatic fringe do so out of a profound disloyalty to the country and/or a secret socialist, pro-terrorist agenda. Some partisans on the Democratic side might say that an increasingly irrelevant Republican Party might not be a bad thing, and they might be right. But there has to be a viable alternative to the Democrats if our system is to survive. Maybe it won’t be the Republican Party; it definitely won’t be if the Palin wing of the Party somehow gains ascendancy from the party’s electoral fiasco. But there better be some alternative.

By the way, President-elect Obama’s speech has just ended and, as much as I abhor political speeches, it was a great one. Perhaps I am just a sucker for any speech that begins with “It’s great to be here in Chicago” and that features my beloved hometown as its backdrop, but this speech would have been great even if it had been delivered in Washington, D.C.

Senator McCain’s concession speech was also outstanding. However, the reaction of the crowd at Senator McCain’s speech to his mention of Vice-President elect Biden only confirmed the fears I expressed two paragraphs ago.

On a personal note, as this election entered the home stretch, the stock market, and the financial system, melted down, and the Republicans responded with their own especially noxious form of statism, I have reflected on the last eight disastrous years of George Bush and the obsequiousness shown toward him by virtually his entire party (including, despite the mythology he tried to propagate, Senator McCain) until very late in this election season. I have been continually reminded of a line from the play “Annie,” in which FDR says to Oliver Warbucks “We’ll make a New Dealer out of you yet.” Well, we are embarking on a new administration and a new approach in the throes of very difficult time in our nation’s history. It’s all very exciting and thought provoking. No, Barack Obama probably is never going to make a Democrat out of me, but I suspect that he is probably the ONLY guy who even has a remote chance of doing so.

Finally, MSNBC had as one of its commentators a Bishop Jakes whose first name and affiliation, channel hopper that I am on election night, I did not get. However, I was impressed by Bishop Jakes and especially by his observation that President-elect Obama will need our prayers as he faces the challenges that lie ahead for him and for our nation and by his earnest pleas that we say, and continue to say, those prayers. As great as Mr. Obama’s speech was, Bishop Jakes’ observation on the necessity of prayers was the most profound utterance of the evening.

Saturday, October 18, 2008

YOU CAN LEARN A LOT FROM A 92 YEAR OLD, ET. AL.

10/18/08

It has been a long time since I’ve enjoyed the Wall Street Journal’s editorial page. What once was the nation’s clearest and most articulate advocate of the principals of free men and free markets has metamorphosized into a jejune purveyor of meretricious and shameless closed-eyed cheerleading for the Bush administration and the GOP, even as both have thoroughly betrayed the principals that the Journal has long advocated and continues to insist it fervently holds.

This morning’s (i.e., 10/18-10/19’s) editorial page of the Journal, however, was perhaps the best I have read in the last ten years and, for once, I was delighted that my Saturday was not thoroughly consumed with our kids’ soccer games so that I could spend some time with my erstwhile friend from Wall Street.

A few of this morning’s articles, “Most Pundits Are Wrong About the Bubble” by Professor Charles W. Calomiris of Columbia and an editorial entitled “Another ‘Deregulation’ Myth,” by the Journal’s once redoubtable, but now largely insipid, editorial staff attempt to make the case for deregulation of the financial markets. They do so clumsily, by, for example, arguing that the implementation of Basel II standards for financial institutions argues that regulation was responsible for our financial mess while ignoring, based on facts cited in these articles themselves, that Basel II was, in fact, an instance of aggressive deregulation. Mr. Calomiris makes the same logical error while also proposing for a minimum subordinated debt requirement for financial institutions in an article that ostensibly advocating deregulation and arguing that unregulated activities of banks (subprime lending, securitization, and dealing in swaps) that got the banks into trouble indeed advance the point that regulation is what has gotten the markets into trouble. These are clumsy arguments in favor of a case that is currently hard to make (and may always be hard to make, sad to say) and, in fact, end up contradicting themselves, but at least these two articles provide plenty of information that is worth reading and take the Journal’s traditional side of an especially salient philosophical debate. They also expose how illogical the Journal has become in its pursuit of one of the few ideas it has yet to throw under the bus.

Peggy Noonan’s article, “Palin’s Failin’” is perhaps the greatest that the estimable Ms. Noonan has ever produced, not so much for her observations, best encapsulated by “…there is little sign that (Palin) has the tools, the equipment, the knowledge or the philosophical grounding one hopes for, and expects, in a holder of high office,” but rather for long time conservative Noonan’s observation that “If (self-styled conservatives) stood for conservative principles and the full expression of views—instead of attempting to silence those who opposed mere party—their movement, and the party, would be in a better, and healthier, position.” Then, fully expecting the kind of treatment Christopher Buckley received from those who purport to be acolytes of his father, Ms. Noonan ends her article with “…come and get me, copper.” It’s too late for this erstwhile conservative Republican; while I hate to use words like “never,” it’s going to be very difficult for me to vote for any Republican for any office after what George Bush has taught us about the GOP’s real motivation, and I don’t even call myself “conservative” any more after what Mr. Bush and his cheerleaders have done to our movement and, more importantly, to our county. But those of you who still call the GOP, and/or the conservative movement, home would do well to listen to Ms. Noonan and to respect her courage. But most GOPers won’t; they’ll simply accuse her of being a “liberal,” a “statist,” an “elitist,” and, who knows, perhaps a “terrorist sympathizer.” The Journal can be counted on to, perhaps indirectly but certainly snidely, join in such criticism.

The best article in today’s Journal, however, was an encapsulation of an interview of Anna Schwartz, who was the co-winner of Milton Friedman’s Nobel Prize for “A Monetary History of the United States,” and who, at 92, still works for the National Bureau of Economic Research, as she has since 1941 and who remains as sharp, and as unruffled, as ever. In this article, she argues four square against the Journal’s stance on the government interventions we have seen over the last several months in its doomed efforts to “rescue” the financial markets. She argues persuasively against the bailouts, against treating irresponsible lenders with more deference than irresponsible stockholders, and that “Everything works much better when wrong decisions are punished and good decisions make you rich.” Would that the Journal had not abandoned such wisdom the moment George W. Bush became president!

At any rate, try to get your hands on the 10/18-10/19 Wall Street Journal and read the aforementioned articles. Not only are they entertaining and informative, but they are brutal testimony to how far from the principles of free men and free markets the Journal has come.

Tuesday, October 14, 2008

“I’M THINKING THESE PROBLEMS MIGHT GO AWAY IF YOU MAYBE ASKED PAULY TO BE YOUR PARTNER…”

10/14/08

There are several notable (amazing, really) points about the Bush Administration’s plan to take equity (preferred stock, to be specific) stakes in most of the country’s major financial institutions.

For the most part, we are talking about healthy (well, relatively healthy) financial institutions here. These are not institutions that are teetering on the precipice of financial disaster. Free Market Hank Paulson was concerned that the plan might not be sufficiently attractive to induce institutions to participate, and so carefully designed the plan to minimize chances of spooking common stock holders, and managements, of the affected firms. Note the strong element of choice on the part of the participants. Or maybe not: as the Wall Street Journal reported this morning (page A1): “Some of the big banks were unhappy about the government (sic) taking equity stakes, but acquiesced under pressure from Treasury Secretary Hank Paulson in a meeting Monday.” So the government is forcing, in some cases, healthy financial institutions to let the government take a stake in them.

Keep this plan in mind the next time you hear someone tell you he or she if voting for McCain because Obama is a socialist or because he is in favor of big government. Note that it is a Republican administration that is doing more to socialize our economy, and certainly our financial system, than any administration in history, including that of FDR. Enthusiasm for big government, and now even elements of outright socialism, is one of the few truly bipartisan traits remaining in Washington.

We also read in today’s Wall Street Journal (page A3) that European governments “are facing a new challenge: how to pay for it all.” “It all,” in this case, is the bailout of their banking systems. First, perhaps our friends (Ever notice how the Europeans are “friends” when we need their help but something else entirely when they are, say, counseling us against self-destructive foreign policy adventures? But I digress.) across the Atlantic should have thought about the cost before they rushed headlong into a new crusade, this one apparently designed to make capital more comfy in the Old World and thus to take financial business away from New York. Second, who else, do you suppose, will be “facing a new challenge: how to pay for it all”?

Hmm…thinking before acting, considering the consequences of one’s actions before engaging in such actions. These appear to be yet more quaint old notions that have been dispensed with in our brave new “Yes, indeed, our best years are ahead of us” world.

Wednesday, October 8, 2008

ON BIG DEBT AND SMALL GOVERNMENT

10/8/08

The markets being what they are of late, I have time only for a few random thoughts on recent financial and political developments:

--Hank Paulson said again today that declining home prices are at the root of our economic and financial problems. Mr. Paulson’s view on this topic is very much in line with the consensus thinking, which is very wrong. Declining home prices, as I have said many times before, might be down the trunk of this problem, but they are not at its root. The root of this problem lies in too much spending and too much debt, primarily at the household level, but also at the governmental and corporate levels. Homes and home equity loans were merely the vehicles that consumers used to facilitate their excessive borrowing and spending. Since this is the case, even ending the downward spiral in home prices will not solve our current problems. We will not be out of the woods until the current “spend, spend, spend, borrow, borrow, borrow” ethos is wrung out of our society. That will take a long time.

--Wait until the credit card problem rears the full manifestation of its ugly head. The MBS market has been decimated, as we all know. The ABS market is next. Yes, we’ve seen slowness and plenty of outright defaults on unsecured lines of credit, but there is plenty more to come. Again, our economic problems are far, far from over.

--At the “debate” last night, John McCain (Did you know he was a POW in Vietnam?) “outlined” a vague plan for the federal government to buy up mortgages and renegotiate with the debtors in order to arrest the decline in housing prices. Such a plan would make the federal government the nation’s largest home lender and mortgagee. (Mr. McCain, never much of an original thinker, apparently shares the common wisdom that it is home prices that are at the root of our financial and economic difficulties.) Later in the same debate, Mr. McCain (Did you know he was a POW in Vietnam?) castigated Barack Obama as being a politician who is forever looking to the government for solutions, always telling people what government can do for them, while he, John McCain (Did you know he was a POW in Vietnam?) is in favor of limited government, small government. Is Mr. McCain (Did you know he was a POW in Vietnam?) so befuddled that he lacks any sense of irony? Does he have any idea what he is saying when he claims to be in favor of less government, or is that just another of the verbalized bumper stickers that passes for thought in his (and most) campaigns? Is “limited government” even a principle of the GOP, or merely a convenient cudgel with which to beat up those at the lower rungs of the economic ladder who look to the government for help?

Saturday, October 4, 2008

WHOSE SIDE ARE YOU ON?

10/4/08

A few thoughts in the wake of the “freezing up” of our financial system and the subsequent bailout that, we are now (Surprise!) hearing will not be enough:

--Over the last few decades, as large portions of our manufacturing base have moved overseas and a growing piece of our service industries has followed suit in pursuit of the dream of globalization (and cheap labor), the experts told us not to worry: America’s big advantage was high tech (despite the growing proportion of foreign students in our grad and undergrad engineering programs) and our “strong, vibrant, dynamic financial system.” “Strong, vibrant, dynamic financial system?” A few bankruptcies and assorted insolvencies and illiquidities and all of the sudden our dynamo of a financial system is, if one believes Free Market Hank and the Cry Babies, imploding and no longer able to distinguish a good credit from a bad credit. This is the powerhouse of a financial system that will sustain the U.S. economy in the 21st century? Saints preserve us! It’s worse than even I thought.

--We were assured by Free Market Hank and the Cry Babies that the assets that the TARP (I still like TARF more for the word with which it rhymes, but I digress.) will be buying are fine assets that, over time, will increase in value returning most, if not all, of Hank’s $700 billion slush fund. If these are such great assets, why does the public purse have to come into play? Players in our “strong, vibrant, financial system” should be able to snuff out value and bid appropriately, perhaps at lower prices than the TARP (in order to enhance, or at least make more probable, returns), but nonetheless at some prices. One can draw one or both of two conclusions: The government is paying prices far above market (or even intrinsic value, for that matter) and thus heavily subsidizing Wall Street with your money and has little hope of seeing much of its money back or perhaps our “strong, vibrant, dynamic financial system” is not all that strong, vibrant, or dynamic and needs to man up.

--Warren Buffett stated on CNBC that he would like 1% of the profits that will be realized by TARP. Since Mr. Buffett has about $44 billion, he could easily take 1% (or more) of the $700 billion TARP action if he would like to. So perhaps he ought to step up. But I suspect Mr. Buffett is far too smart to do so and seriously regrets his statement about wanting 1% of the TARP action. He is far more comfortable on the other side of the trade, with positions in Goldman, GE, and Wachovia.

--Please read an op-ed piece on page A15 of today’s (i.e., Saturday, 10/4’s) Wall Street Journal: “Nothing’s the Matter With Kansas.” Despite the shrieks emanating from the Bushmen, the lily-livered in Congress, and a Wall Street contingent terrified at the prospect of having to, say, sell the west coast fleet of Ferraris, business is getting done. Good loans are being made. And little government intervention is necessary to accomplish this.

Friday, October 3, 2008

WHO LET THE DOGS OUT?

10/3/08

I sent the following e-mail to an old, good, and frighteningly smart friend who passed along to me one of those e-mails blaming the Democrats for the current housing crisis. While the Democrats certainly bear some of the blame, there is plenty to go around, and not all of it should be directed at Washington or New York:

10/3/08

Yes, the Dems used Fannie and Freddie as a piggy bank and an errand boy for decades and thus helped inflate the housing bubble. But the Bush administration did its part to push us to the precipice, pushing and pulling all manner of fiscal and regulatory levers to "encourage home ownership," including sweetening tax treatment of home ownership and, as recently as early this year, lowering capital requirements for Fannie and Freddie so that they could make more mortgage money available.

And how about Greenspan inflating the bubble with easy money for years and years lest we have to (egads!) suffer a recession? And who appointed Greenspan? Reagan. Who kept reappointing Greenspan? Clinton and the two Georges. They're all the same. Democrats, Republicans...the only choice is the direction in which you want the government to grow, and often there is no difference in that matter, either, as in this abominable, pork-laden bailout package. You're already hearing the Wall Street guys yelling "Fire" again, looking for more. And, like lap dogs looking for doggie treats, both Dems and Republicans will sit up and beg before their masters, i.e., anyone capable of writing a campaign check.

And lest you think I never say anything good about politicians, thank God for that handful of stout-hearted Republicans and Democrats who stood against this bloated, ghastly socialization of our financial system.

Neither party created this crisis (The American public would do well to take a good, long look in the mirror when seeking scapegoats; as I've said before (quoting Steve Goodman), you only fall for lies and stories when you really want to.), but both parties abetted this financial firestorm and will continue to abet it, admittedly often (but far from always) with the best of intentions.

One more thing...Though it's hard for me to say much good about most Democrats, the last great (even good) Fed chairman, Paul Volcker, was appointed by a Democrat (Jimmy Carter). And, though it’s hard for me to say much good about most Republicans, Ronald Reagan had the good sense to reappoint the towering (in more ways than one) Mr. Volcker.

(As you can see, I’m trying to adopt a more positive attitude by saying good things about people, even about politicians, when such laudation is merited.)